Image Digitization

A two-dimensional scene can be represented by a 2D function $f(x,y)$ of light intensity at the spatial location $(x,y)$. However, in order for the continuous scene to be represented and processed digitally in a computer, it need to be digitized. Specifically, the digitization includes the quantization of the intensity function value and the sampling of the two spatial dimensions. Correspondingly, the digital processing of the image can be classified into intensity (gray level) operations applied to the pixel values and geometric operations in the two spatial dimensions.